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Water environmental problems of lakes and water ecosystem recovery in China
Li Shijie, Dou Hongsheng, Shu Jinhua, Fan Yunqi, Liu JifengBecause of global warming, irrational development and utilization of lake resources by human being and contaminants, the problems of withering and dry-up of lakes, entrophication, silting, degradation of ecosystem and loss of biological diversity occur in most of lakes in China. In order to improve its water environment, experiences of lake ecosystem recovery are summarized. Recovery measures are presented in two respects of intercepting outsource pollution and internal source pollution, and restoration methods and suggestions are proposed.
Research on the water environment capacity status in China
Fu Yicheng,Xu Wenxin,Fu MinWater environment capacity is the limit of admitting pollutants under the design of hydrological conditions.Based on the analysis of water environment capacity research situation at home and abroad,and details the water environment capacity research of China in different development stages,the successful total amount control of pollutants abroad is used for reference to find the problems existing in research and implementation in China from the theoretical and practical levels.It suggests an appropriate improvement strategy to settle foundation for pollution total amount control and generalized water resources sustainable use,with the consideration of different levels study on water environment capacity.
Quantitative assessment for climate change and human activities impact on river runoff
Wang Guoqing, Zhang Jianyun, Liu Jiufu, He RuiminRecorded runoffs in many rivers in China have been decreasing. How to identify the quantitative effect of climate change and human activities on runoff is a hot topic, a difficulty problem as well. The key issues in assessment for the both factors impact on runoff were briefly introduced and discussed in the paper. Taking Sanchuan River in the middle Yellow River Basin as a case, the individual effect of climate change and human activities on runoff was analyzed with SIMHYD rainfall runoff model.
China's new journey of water conservancy development under the "carbon peak and neutrality" goals
Zuo Qiting ;Qiu Xi ;Zhong Tao;In September 2020, China proposed the "carbon peak and neutrality" goals, aiming to peak total carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. In order to achieve these goals, we need to reduce carbon sources and increase carbon sink to realize carbon reduction and control in all aspects. Water conservancy, as a basic industry for economic and social development, is closely related to carbon reduction and carbon control, and should actively and comprehensively serve the realization of the "carbon peak and neutrality" goals. Based on the analysis of the connotation and realization approach of "carbon peak and neutrality" goals,this paper expounds on the demand of realizing "carbon peak and neutrality" goals for water conservancy from four aspects: water resources, water engineering, water ecology and water concept. Combined with the modern water control thought in China, the trend of change under the new goal of "carbon peak and neutrality" goals is analyzed, and some suggestions on the development of water control thought are put forward. Describe the new journey of China's water conservancy development under the "carbon peak and neutrality" goals, six strategic layouts of "water conservation priority, clean water energy, national water network, ecological water conservancy,smart water conservancy, and water rejuvenation by science and technology" are summarized and put forward to contribute water wisdom to the realization of the "carbon peak and neutrality" goals, provide a reference for the development direction of China's water conservancy industry in the future, and lay a foundation for the new journey of China's water conservancy development in the new era.
Situation and prospect of flood disaster monitoring by remote sensing in China
Huang Shifeng;Ma Jianwei;Sun Yayong;Remote sensing technology has become an important support tool for flood prevention and mitigation in China. This paper introduces the space-air-ground integrated remote sensing monitoring technology combined with satellite, UAV and ground station network, reviews the application of remote sensing technology in flood disaster monitoring, and gives an outlook on the future development of space-air-ground integrated flood disaster monitoring.
Application and prospects of artificial intelligence technology in smart water conservancy
Sun Liang ;Wang Ruiguo ;Yuan Rui ;Yang Shu ;Li Yutong;With the advancement of new-generation information technology, the application of artificial intelligence(AI) technology in the water conservancy sector has become increasingly widespread, offering novel perspectives and tools for the construction of smart water conservancy. This article delves into the concept of smart water conservancy and conducts a comprehensive analysis of the current applications of AI technology in four major scenarios: irrigation area comprehensive management, safety supervision of water conservancy project structures, hydrological forecasting in small and medium-sized watersheds, and river and lake management. Through comparative analysis and summarization, it outlines the current state of AI technology in these applications and anticipates the development trends and challenges faced by AI in the context of smart water conservancy. The aim is to provide valuable references for advancing the construction of smart water conservancy and promoting high-quality development in water conservancy.
Model for river basin ecological compensation
Liu Yulong, Xu fengran, Zhang Chunling, Ruan Benqing, Luo YaozengBasing on the analysis of ecological compensation theories, this paper presents a model for river basin ecological compensation calculation. After counting the direct and indirect investment on the environmental conservation as the total investment, this paper introduces three coefficients, water coefficient for water quantity proportion, water quality coefficient for the modification of water quality standard and economic benefit coefficient for the modification of total benefit count, to calculate the ecological compensation volume. This paper applies the model in Xin’anjiang River Basin. The results show that this model can estimate the reasonable ecological compensation with its changes between 2000 to 2004 and it can be implemented as the basic in the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism.
A preliminary exploration of the construction ideas, framework, and application scenarios of water conservancy large models
Qian Feng ;Cheng Jianguo ;Xia Runliang ;Ding Yukai ;Xie Wenjun ;Lu Jiamin ;Li Bing;The development of new-quality productive forces is an intrinsic requirement for promoting high-quality development and an important point of focus. The construction of digital twin water conservancy is a significant symbol and an important path to promote the high-quality development of water conservancy in the new stage, and the model and knowledge are the key to the construction of digital twin water conservancy. Therefore, in accordance with the requirements of “demanddriven, application-first, digital empowerment, enhancement of capabilities”, the integration of water conservancy business needs, water conservancy professional models and knowledge to form a “water conservancy large model” is an important engine for the development of new quality productivity of water conservancy. This paper describes in detail the concept of water conservancy large model and the significance of construction, introduces the idea of construction and the overall framework, analyses the key technologies to be broken through, and introduces the industry application scenarios. The research results can provide guidance and reference for the landing of artificial intelligence large model in the water conservancy industry.
Progress of technical standards for ecological protection and restoration of rivers and lakes
Zhao Jinyong ;Yu Zicheng ;Zhang Jing ;Peng Wenqi ;Wang Qi;Ecological protection and restoration of rivers and lakes is an ecological protection action to restore the ecosystem of rivers and lakes to a more natural state and improve its ecological integrity and sustainability by taking engineering and non-engineering measures on the basis of giving full play to the self-healing function of the ecosystem. This article systematically summarizes the progress of technical standards related to ecological protection and restoration of rivers and lakes in the United States, Australia, Japan, the European Union and other countries and regions, some international organizations, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and other relevant industry departments in China, as well as Beijing and Zhejiang. The analysis shows that the developed countries or regions in the world have elevated their research results to the level of national policies and legislation, which is worthy of our reference; the work of river and lake ecological protection and restoration in China is in the initial stage, and the technical standards related to river and lake ecological protection and restoration in China have been developed rapidly in the past ten years, but due to the dynamic nature of the river and lake ecosystem itself,the complexity of the influencing factors and the complexity of river and lake management, the relevant technical standard system needs to fill in the missing items, strengthen the weak items, and further improve and upgrade.
Water ecological civilization construction with respect to ecological civilization
Zhan Weihua,Shao Zhizhong,Wang ShenghuaThe water ecological civilization construction is an important subsystem of ecological civilization.Through implementing the most strict water resources management system,its pilot,restoration and protection of aquatic ecosystem,water and soil conservation construction,water conservancy scentic are carried out.It must establish institutional mechanisms and legal system of water ecological civilization,and increase water resources and culture census efforts to actively publicize the concept of water ecological civilization construction by creating water ecological civilization city.